{
  "title": "Online gambling regulation by market",
  "publisher": "Casino Capybara Research",
  "url": "https://casinocapybara.com/data/gambling-markets/",
  "version": "2026-09-24",
  "licence": {
    "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International",
    "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
  },
  "citation": "Casino Capybara Research (2026). Online gambling regulation by market [Data set]. Version 2026-09-24. https://casinocapybara.com/data/gambling-markets/. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.",
  "methodology": "https://casinocapybara.com/research/methodology/",
  "columns": [
    {
      "key": "market_id",
      "description": "Stable identifier for the market row."
    },
    {
      "key": "market",
      "description": "Market name."
    },
    {
      "key": "status",
      "description": "Licensing status, one of the labels on the dataset page."
    },
    {
      "key": "legal_basis",
      "description": "The law or constitutional rule that governs online casino gambling."
    },
    {
      "key": "online_since",
      "description": "When a licensed or authorised online market began; empty if it has not."
    },
    {
      "key": "regulators",
      "description": "Regulators for the market, separated by semicolons."
    },
    {
      "key": "summary",
      "description": "Neutral summary of the regime."
    },
    {
      "key": "casino_capybara_guides",
      "description": "Casino Capybara guides the row is compiled from."
    },
    {
      "key": "primary_sources",
      "description": "Official sources cited by those guides."
    }
  ],
  "records": [
    {
      "market_id": "brazil",
      "market": "Brazil",
      "status": "Licensed market open",
      "legal_basis": "Lei 14.790/2023",
      "online_since": "1 January 2025",
      "regulators": "Secretaria de Prêmios e Apostas (SPA), Ministério da Fazenda",
      "summary": "Brazil banned almost all gambling in 1946. Lei 14.790/2023 created a federal licensing regime under the Secretaria de Prêmios e Apostas (SPA), and the regulated market went live on 1 January 2025. Licensed sites must use a .bet.br domain. Physical casinos and bingo halls remain illegal as of mid-2026.",
      "casino_capybara_guides": "https://casinocapybara.com/guides/history-gambling-brazil/",
      "primary_sources": "https://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_ato2023-2026/2023/lei/l14790.htm https://www.gov.br/fazenda/pt-br/composicao/orgaos/secretaria-de-premios-e-apostas/lista-de-empresas"
    },
    {
      "market_id": "canada-ontario",
      "market": "Canada: Ontario",
      "status": "Licensed market open",
      "legal_basis": "Provincial conduct-and-manage model",
      "online_since": "April 2022",
      "regulators": "AGCO / iGaming Ontario",
      "summary": "Ontario opened Canada’s first competitive, privately operated online casino market in April 2022. The AGCO regulates it and iGaming Ontario conducts and manages it. The minimum age is 19.",
      "casino_capybara_guides": "https://casinocapybara.com/guides/canada-igaming-tracker/ https://casinocapybara.com/guides/online-casino-legality-canada/",
      "primary_sources": "https://www.igamingontario.ca/en/operator/operators"
    },
    {
      "market_id": "canada-alberta",
      "market": "Canada: Alberta",
      "status": "Licensed market open",
      "legal_basis": "iGaming Alberta Act",
      "online_since": "13 July 2026",
      "regulators": "AGLC; Alberta iGaming Corporation",
      "summary": "Alberta became Canada’s second open market on 13 July 2026, under the iGaming Alberta Act. AGLC regulates it and the Alberta iGaming Corporation (AiGC) conducts and manages it; 22 operator sites were live at launch. The minimum age is 18.",
      "casino_capybara_guides": "https://casinocapybara.com/guides/canada-igaming-tracker/",
      "primary_sources": "https://aglc.ca/igaming"
    },
    {
      "market_id": "canada-other",
      "market": "Canada: other provinces",
      "status": "Government platform only",
      "legal_basis": "Provincial government monopolies",
      "online_since": null,
      "regulators": "",
      "summary": "Every other province runs a single government-owned online platform (for example BCLC’s PlayNow and Loto-Québec’s EspaceJeux), and the territories have no dedicated regulated platform. Quebec tolerates a large grey market of offshore operators.",
      "casino_capybara_guides": "https://casinocapybara.com/guides/canada-igaming-tracker/ https://casinocapybara.com/guides/history-gambling-canada/",
      "primary_sources": "https://www.playnow.com/"
    },
    {
      "market_id": "colombia",
      "market": "Colombia",
      "status": "Licensed market open",
      "legal_basis": "Acuerdo 04 de 2016 (Coljuegos)",
      "online_since": "June 2017",
      "regulators": "Coljuegos",
      "summary": "Colombia was the first Latin American country with a complete legal framework for online gambling and licensed its first online operator in June 2017. Gambling is a state fiscal monopoly, and Coljuegos lists 15 authorised online operators in 2026.",
      "casino_capybara_guides": "https://casinocapybara.com/guides/history-gambling-colombia/",
      "primary_sources": "https://www.coljuegos.gov.co/publicaciones/306824/es-usuario-de-apuestas-en-linea-conozca-los-15-operadores-autorizados-por-coljuegos/"
    },
    {
      "market_id": "peru",
      "market": "Peru",
      "status": "Licensed market open",
      "legal_basis": "Ley N.º 31557 (2022)",
      "online_since": "February 2024",
      "regulators": "Ministerio de Comercio Exterior y Turismo (MINCETUR)",
      "summary": "Peru left online gambling unregulated until Ley N.º 31557 of August 2022. MINCETUR, the trade and tourism ministry, authorises platforms; formal operations began in February 2024, and around ninety platforms were authorised by mid-2026.",
      "casino_capybara_guides": "https://casinocapybara.com/guides/history-gambling-peru/",
      "primary_sources": "https://apuestasdeportivas.mincetur.gob.pe/proveedores_online.html"
    },
    {
      "market_id": "argentina",
      "market": "Argentina",
      "status": "Licensed by province",
      "legal_basis": "Constitución Nacional, Art. 121 (provincial power)",
      "online_since": null,
      "regulators": "Lotería de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires S.E. (LOTBA); Instituto Provincial de Lotería y Casinos de PBA; IPJyC Mendoza; Lotería de Córdoba",
      "summary": "Argentina has no national gambling law. Each of its 24 jurisdictions licenses its own operators, and a licence from one (for example the City of Buenos Aires) authorises nothing in another.",
      "casino_capybara_guides": "https://casinocapybara.com/guides/history-gambling-argentina/",
      "primary_sources": "https://www.loteriadelaciudad.gob.ar/site/?page=juego-seguro-legal"
    },
    {
      "market_id": "mexico",
      "market": "Mexico",
      "status": "Federal permit system",
      "legal_basis": "Ley Federal de Juegos y Sorteos (1947); Reglamento (2004)",
      "online_since": null,
      "regulators": "SEGOB / Dirección General de Juegos y Sorteos (DGJS)",
      "summary": "Mexico’s 1947 federal law bans games of chance except a named list. Casino operations run under SEGOB permits issued since the 2004 regulation. A November 2023 decree curbing new slot-machine permits awaits a Supreme Court ruling.",
      "casino_capybara_guides": "https://casinocapybara.com/guides/history-gambling-mexico/",
      "primary_sources": "https://www.gob.mx/segob"
    },
    {
      "market_id": "finland",
      "market": "Finland",
      "status": "Licensing in transition",
      "legal_basis": "Gambling Act, confirmed 16 January 2026",
      "online_since": "Licensed competition from 1 July 2027",
      "regulators": "",
      "summary": "Finland is ending the Veikkaus monopoly for betting and online casino games. Private operators can apply for licences from 1 March 2026 and licensed competition begins on 1 July 2027, supervised first by the National Police Board and then by the new Lupa- ja valvontavirasto.",
      "casino_capybara_guides": "https://casinocapybara.com/guides/history-gambling-finland/",
      "primary_sources": "https://poliisi.fi/en/licences-under-the-gambling-act"
    },
    {
      "market_id": "chile",
      "market": "Chile",
      "status": "No online licensing law",
      "legal_basis": "Código Penal, Arts. 277–279 (default prohibition)",
      "online_since": null,
      "regulators": "",
      "summary": "Games of chance are illegal in Chile unless a statute allows them, and none covers online casinos. A licensing bill has been before Congress since 2022 without being enacted. The Supreme Court has twice ordered internet providers to block offshore betting sites.",
      "casino_capybara_guides": "https://casinocapybara.com/guides/history-gambling-chile/",
      "primary_sources": ""
    },
    {
      "market_id": "japan",
      "market": "Japan",
      "status": "Prohibited",
      "legal_basis": "Penal Code, Arts. 185–187",
      "online_since": null,
      "regulators": "",
      "summary": "Japan’s Penal Code prohibits gambling outside licensed exceptions such as public-sports betting and the state lottery. Betting at an offshore online casino has been treated as a criminal offence since a 2016 court ruling, and a 2025 amendment criminalised advertising such sites to a Japanese audience.",
      "casino_capybara_guides": "https://casinocapybara.com/guides/history-gambling-japan/",
      "primary_sources": ""
    }
  ]
}