Casino Game RTP & House Edge

This page explains what RTP and house edge mean, why one game can list more than one RTP figure, and where a player can look the figure up. A table after the explanations gives the RTP that the game provider’s page states for each game covered on this site.

What RTP and house edge mean

RTP stands for return to player. The UK Gambling Commission’s guidance on online games defines the theoretical RTP as the return to player percentage a game was designed with, and says it is also the RTP advertised in the game’s player-facing rules. It defines the actual RTP as the figure worked out from the prizes won and the stakes made on the live game over a period (key terms, page last updated 28 January 2021; viewed 6 November 2026). The same guidance calculates it by dividing the win figure by the turnover figure (how to calculate RTP, last updated 25 January 2021; viewed 6 November 2026).

The Commission also says, in its guidance on gaming machines, that an RTP figure is an average over a significant number of plays and not what each play returns (return to player guidance, last updated 16 June 2021; viewed 6 November 2026). Malta’s Player Protection Directive (Directive 2 of 2018, version 3, January 2023) measures payout for online games that use random selection in the same way, as an average percentage of the money wagered that is paid out as prizes; when the Malta Gaming Authority assesses this, the averaging period is one calendar year unless it specifies otherwise (Part VII of the Directive, viewed 6 November 2026).

For casino table games such as roulette and blackjack the Commission uses the term house edge: the share of each hand or spin that the casino expects to keep on average, given normal patterns of play (same return to player guidance, section “House edge in casinos”).

The Commission defines turnover as all stakes made on the game, and the game’s gross gaming yield as turnover minus win, while the actual RTP is win divided by turnover. The part of the stakes that is not paid back as prizes is therefore 100% minus the actual RTP. That last step is our arithmetic on the Commission’s definitions, not a sentence of the Commission’s.

Why one game can list several RTP figures

Some provider pages show more than one RTP for the same game, or label a figure for one country. These are the figures on four provider game pages, viewed on 6 November 2026:

• Hacksaw Gaming, Wanted Dead or a Wild: the game data lists four RTP values, 96.38%, 94.55%, 92.33% and 88.42%.
• Blueprint Gaming, Fishin’ Frenzy: the game ID and RTP list gives 90%, 92%, 93%, 94% and 96.12%, each against its own game ID.
• Push Gaming, Jammin’ Jars: the page lists 96.83% and 94.25% and states “RTP’s may vary per casino”.
• Relax Gaming, Money Train 2: the page gives one figure, labelled “German RTP”, of 90%.

These four games are not in the table below, which only uses games with a single RTP recorded on the game’s page on this site.

How to check the RTP in a game

For operators licensed in Great Britain, the Commission’s remote technical standard RTS 3C says information that allows an informed decision about the chance of winning has to be easily available before the player commits to gamble. Among the items it lists are house edge (or margin) and either the RTP percentage or the probability of winning events (RTS 3, last updated 7 May 2024; viewed 6 November 2026). For gaming machines, the Commission’s guidance says the RTP can appear on a help screen for the game or elsewhere on its screen.

Provider pages give examples of where the figure sits. Push Gaming’s page for Jammin’ Jars says the RTP is available in the user panel and on the loading screen of the game. Play’n GO’s in-game help page for Rich Wilde and the Shield of Athena, opened with the Great Britain jurisdiction setting, contains a sentence giving the game’s average RTP (help page, viewed 6 November 2026).

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